Ms. Okestrum, Math, 2nd

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Math- Week of 9/8

This week we will continue to learn strategies for adding within 100.

Our learning goals this week are:

  • Using place value to add two numbers.

When using place value to add, we break both numbers into their expanded form and then add them together.

 24 ---->   20 + 4

+35 ----> 30 +  5

     50 + 9 = 59

Here is a video that explains this strategy.

We will also be using manipulatives to work on this, made of pipe cleaners and pony beads. Each bead represents adding a number in the ones place. (4 beads = 4). Students can make a "bracelet" out of 10 beads and a pipe cleaner to transfer the ones beads to the 10s place. (4 bracelets = 40 beads.) This helps the students understand how 10 ones can come together to make 10! It also prepares them for the advanced addition concept of regrouping or "borrowing." It is easy to make these as a tool to help students understand- you just need some pipe cleaners to string beads on and lots of pony beads to act as ones.

  • Break apart a number to add.

When students use “Break Apart to add Tens and Ones,” they will break apart only one addend into its tens and ones. Then they will add the tens to the first addend, then add the ones. This video explains the strategy.

   24    ----> 20 + 4

+ 35    ----> 30 + 5

 

4+5=9

20+30=50

50+9=59

So, 24 + 35= 59

 

  • Using compensation to add.

When students used “Compensation,” they took ones from one of the addends to make the other addend a ten.

  37  +  16  =  ?

  +3        -3

 40  +  13  = 53

 

Here is a video that explains this strategy using blocks. Here is a video that explains this strategy as we write it.

 

  • Choose a strategy to add two numbers. Students will choose a strategy to use while solving an addition equation, solve the equation, and explain the strategy they used.
 
  • Solve two-step addition word problems. Many students find two-step word problems challenging because only one question is clearly stated, even though two steps are needed to solve the problem. To help with this, we break the problem into two simpler parts. Students use addition strategies they’ve already learned to solve each step one at a time.

Example:
You read 12 pages in the morning and 15 more pages in the afternoon. The next day, you read 20 pages. How many pages did you read altogether?

Step 1: First Day: 12 + 15 = 27
Step 2: Both Days: 27 + 20 = 47

Here is a video that explains this strategy.

Remember, the goal of this unit is to give students a variety of strategies with which they are comfortable. This will allow them to choose an efficient strategy depending on the situation or the numbers being added.

Math at Home

There are many real-life situations you can use to practice using addition strategies. You can add ages, amounts of money, numbers of objects, and so on. The maximum sum of objects for any activity in this chapter is 101. Here are a few activities you can use with your student:

  • Say various 2-digit numbers. Have your student tell you how many tens and ones are in the number. For example, say, “How many tens and ones are in 43?” Your student should be able to tell you that there are 4 tens and 3 ones in 43.
  • Ask your student to help you add an amount of money when shopping at a store (just dollars, not cents). Say, “This item costs $24 and this one costs $35. How much do they cost in all?” Give your student a notebook or a receipt to write the numbers and add them.
  • Help your student practice using an open number line. For example, draw a number line without any numbers labeled. Have your student use the number line to add numbers you provide, such as 22 + 51. Ask, “How can you use the number line to add these numbers?”

Please help your child memorize their single-digit addition facts (for example, 6+6, 8+9, etc.). This is a critical skill for mastery by the end of 2nd grade. If you would like your child to practice at home, XtraMath is an easy way to do so—see the flyer in your child’s Friday Folder for details.

Math- Week of 9/2

This week, we will work on addition and subtraction word problems, then conclude Chapter 2 with a post-test on Wednesday. 

On Thursday, we will begin Chapter 3, “Addition to 100 Strategies.” In this chapter, your child will be learning strategies for adding numbers up to 100. Students will learn a variety of strategies, such as using open number lines and place value. 

Vocabulary words and phrases for this unit are: 

  • Open number line 
  • compensation 

Our learning goals this week are: 

  • Use an open number line to add tens. Check out this video that explains this strategy. 
  • Use an open number line to add tens and ones. This video explains the strategy. 

When using place value to add, we break both numbers into their expanded form and then add them together. 

 24 ---->   20 + 4 

+35 ----> 30 +  5 

     50 + 9 = 59 

Here is a video that explains this strategy. 

Math at Home 

There are many real-life situations you can use to practice using addition strategies. You can add ages, amounts of money, numbers of objects, and so on. The maximum sum of objects for any activity in this chapter is 101. Here are a few activities you can use with your student: 

  • Say various 2-digit numbers. Have your student tell you how many tens and ones are in the number. For example, say, “How many tens and ones are in 43?” Your student should be able to tell you that there are 4 tens and 3 ones in 43. 
  • Ask your student to help you add an amount of money when shopping at a store (just dollars, not cents). Say, “This item costs $24 and this one costs $35. How much do they cost in all?” Give your student a notebook or receipt to write the numbers and add them. 
  • Help your student practice using an open number line. For example, draw a number line without any numbers labeled. Have your student use the number line to add numbers you provide, such as 22 + 51. Ask, “How can you use the number line to add these numbers?” 

Please help your child memorize their single-digit addition facts (for example, 6+6, 8+9, etc.). This is a critical skill for mastery by the end of 2nd grade. If you would like your child to practice at home, XtraMath is an easy way to do so—I will send more details on this soon! 

 

Math- Week of 8/18

Last Friday, we took the post-test for Chapter 1, “Numbers and Arrays,” and on Monday we will take the pre-test for Chapter 2, “Fluency and Strategies Within 20.”

This week, we will also begin Chapter 2, “Fluency and Strategies Within 20”. In this chapter, your child will learn strategies to add and subtract numbers within 20. Students will learn to use objects, such as linking cubes, to add and subtract. They will also learn how subtraction is related to addition, so they can use addition equations to help solve subtraction problems.

The vocabulary words and phrases in this chapter are:

  • Addend
  • Sum
  • Difference
  • Expression
  • doubles plus 1
  • doubles minus 1

Our learning targets this week are:

  • Add in any order to find a sum. We will begin this unit by learning the commutative property (the students refer to it as “turn around facts”). The commutative property of addition states that the order of numbers being added doesn't matter, and the sum will always be the same. For example, 4+5=9 and 5+4=9. Here is a video that explains this concept.

 

  • Use the doubles plus 1 and doubles minus 1 strategy to find a sum. This strategy shows the students that they can figure out a problem, such as 4+5, if they know 4+4. They can think, “4+4+1,” or 5+5-1.” This video explains the strategy, “doubles plus or minus one.”

 

  • Add 3 one-digit numbers. For example, 8+5+2 can be solved by first adding 8+2, then adding the 5. This video explains how to add 3 one one-digit numbers.

 

  • Use the “Make a Ten” strategy to add two numbers. For example, when adding 8+6, you can think of the six as a 2+4. Then you add the 8+2 to make 10, then add the 4. Here is a video that explains this strategy.

This video explains the strategies of doubles, double plus or minus, make a ten, and breaking apart numbers.

 

  • Use the “count on” and “count back” strategies to find a difference. Students will use a number line to find the difference between two numbers. They will explain how the count on and count back strategies help solve subtraction problems. This video shows the “count on” or “count back” strategies.

There are many situations at home that you can use to practice addition and subtraction. Use objects around the house, such as toys, books, and crayons. Give your student various groups of objects to add and subtract. When tidying up around your home, help your student practice using the following activities. Use no more than 20 objects in all in each activity:

  • Give your student various groups of objects to add and subtract. For example, place 4 books and 5 toys in an area. Ask, “How many objects are in each group? How many are there in all?”
  • Show your student a group of objects. Then, subtract a number of objects from the group. Ask, “How many are left?” Have your student write an equation to show the subtraction problem.

Our MAPS test was postponed to this week. Students will now be taking the Math MAPS test on Wednesday, August 20.

Math- Week of 8/11

During the first week of school, students took a couple of pre-tests to help me determine some of their skills for the beginning of the year.

Last week, we began Chapter 1, “Numbers and Arrays.” In this chapter, your child is learning about numbers and arrays. Students will learn when a number is odd or even and how to use repeated addition to find the number of objects in groups and arrays. The addition lessons address equal groups of objects.

Vocabulary words and phrases for this unit are:

  • Even
  • Odd
  • Equal groups
  • Array
  • Column
  • Row
  • Repeated addition
  • Equation

Last week’s learning goals were:

  • Tell whether a number was odd or even. We used the strategies in this video to learn how to determine if a number was even or odd.
  • Use an addition equation to model even and odd numbers. Students modeled a number using pairs in a grid, then wrote an addition equation to match the grid, and finally told whether the number was even or odd.

This week’s learning goals are:

  • Determine the total number of objects in equal groups. Students will identify the number of groups and the number of objects in each group, write a repeated addition equation, and then tell how many objects there are in all. Here is a link to a video that explains this strategy.
  • Determine the total number of objects in an array. An array shows equal groups in an organized way using rows and columns. It can help students count more easily. Arrays are a rectangle shape. In this lesson, students will identify the number of rows and columns in an array, write a repeated addition equation, and tell how many objects there are in all. Here is a link to a video that explains this strategy.
  • Make an array to solve a word problem. Students will explain when an array helps them solve a word problem, make an array to model the problem, and use repeated addition to solve the problem. Here is a link to a video that explains this strategy.

 

Students will be taking the Math MAPS test on Wednesday, August 13.